Phil Bruckner and Jim Berg, Winter Wheat Breeding Program
Updated 12/2018

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Yellowstone is a white-chaffed hard red winter wheat developed by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station and released to seed growers in 2005. Yellowstone's pedigree is Judith x Promontory. Yellowstone is a very high yielding (Table 1) winter hardy variety with medium test weight, maturity, height, and grain protein (Table 2). Yellowstone has good milling and excellent baking quality (Table 3). It is resistant to stripe rust, but susceptible to stem rust. Yellowstone is recommended in Districts 1-5. 
Montana State University Research Fees due on seed sold. PVP Title V has been issued (Certificate #200600284).

 

Decade is a white-chaffed hard red winter wheat developed by the Montana Agricultural Experiment station and released to seed growers in 2010. Decade is a joint release with the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. Decade was selected from a composite of three closely related F1 populations containing such varieties as a sib line of Wesley, CDC Clair, NuWest, Tiber, and Redwin. Decade is a high yielding (Table 1) winter hardy variety well adapted to western North Dakota and eastern Montana with medium to high test weight, early maturity, reduced height, and medium to high grain protein (Table 2). Decade has excellent milling and baking quality (Table 3). It is resistant to stem rust, but susceptible to stripe rust. Relative to CDC Falcon, Decade is equivalent in yield potential and winter survival, with improved test weight, earlier maturity, higher grain protein content, superior milling characteristics and higher water absorption.
Montana State University Research Fees due on seed sold. PVP Title V has been issued (Certificate #201100096).

 

Table 1. Yield of Yellowstone and Decade Compared to a Set of Winter Wheat Varieties (2013-2018)

Variety
Districts
All Locations
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
Kalispell
Bozeman1/
Huntley2/
Moccasin3/
Conrad4/
Havre6/
Sidney & Williston
Location years 5 5 35 30 26 18 7 126
Yellowstone
 116.7 103.9 72.5 60.1 75.0 57.7 60.9 70.3
Northern
 123.7 100.7 72.5 59.4 72.8 57.7 56.5 69.6
SY Clearstone 2CL
 120.5 100.7 70.7 60.2 73.4 55.8 52.5 68.8
Warhorse
 119.2 89.4 67.4 55.6 64.7 51.7 47.6 63.6
Decade
 58.3 82.1 69.4 57.5 69.3 52.2 54.0 63.3
Judee
 116.3 88.3 64.7 53.3 68.6 53.4 43.9 63.0
LSD (0.05) 19.2 10.7 2.7 2.6 3.2 2.7 6.0 1.9
  • bold-italics indicates highest value within a column
  • bold indicates values equal to highest variety within a column based on Fisher's Protected LSD (p = 0.05)
  • ns = non-significant
  • 1/ includes data from Dry Creek, Willow Creek
  • 2/ includes data from Forsyth, Fort Smith, Hardin area, Hysham, Molt, Rapelje
  • 3/ includes data from Denton, Geraldine, Highwood, Winifred, Belt
  • 4/ includes data from The Knees, Shelby, Cut Bank, Choteau
  • 5/ includes data from Loma, Turner, Fort Benton

 

Table 2. Agronomic Characteristics of Yellowstone and Decade Compared to a Set of Winter Wheat Varieties (2013-2018)

Variety
Test weight (lb/bu)
Winter survival (%)
Heading date
Plant height (in)
Lodging (%)
Protein (%)
Sawfly cutting (%)
Stripe rust (%)
Coleoptile length (in)
Julian
Calendar
Location years 126 4 50   124 23 123 17 7 2
Decade
 59.6 55 159.0 8-Jun 31.3 22 12.9 29 67 3.3
Judee
 60.6 28 160.1 9-Jun 31.0 24 12.9 25 12 3.9
Northern
 59.8 47 162.1 11-Jun 31.3 21 12.9 30 15 2.7
SY Clearstone 2CL
 59.2 41 161.1 10-Jun 33.7 27 12.5 39 29 3.0
Warhorse
 59.8 44 161.1 10-Jun 30.6 14 13.1 4 12 3.3
Yellowstone
 59.6 53 161.2 10-Jun 32.9 23 12.5 36 30 2.7
LSD (0.05) 0.3 14 0.4   0.3 ns 0.1 10 15 0.3
  • bold-italics indicates highest value within a column
  • bold indicates values equal to highest variety within a column based on Fisher's Protected LSD (p = 0.05)
  • ns = non-significant

 

Table 3. Mill and Bake Characteristics of Yellowstone and Decade Compared to a Set of Winter Wheat Varieties (2013-2018)

Varitey
PPO1/
Kernel hardness
Flour
Mixograph
Baking
Yield (%)
Protein (%)
Ash (%)
Tolerance (1-6)
Mix time (min)
Absorption (%)
Mix time (min)
Absorption (%)
Volume (cc)
Location years 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
Decade 0.271 73.2 69.8 11.5 0.42 4.6 7.8 65.0 20.8 75.5 1033
Judee 0.267 79.1 69.7 11.8 0.42 4.0 5.2 62.3 10.0 72.4 1134
Northern 0.102 85.0 71.2 11.8 0.46 3.4 3.8 62.6 6.2 72.5 1075
SY Clearstone 2CL 0.288 75.9 69.2 11.0 0.43 3.8 5.7 62.4 10.0 72.9 1038
Warhorse 0.254 90.0 69.8 12.1 0.45 3.3 4.5 63.1 7.8 73.5 1072
Yellowstone 0.213 76.7 70.0 11.2 0.44 4.4 7.7 64.4 16.8 75.2 1043
LSD (0.05) 0.033 2.3 0.7 0.4 0.01 0.4 0.8 1.4 1.8 1.4 40
  • bold-italics indicates highest value within a column
  • bold indicates values equal to highest variety within a column based on Fisher's Protected LSD (p = 0.05)
  • 1/ polyphenol oxidase, low is best for noodles