Michael J. Giroux and Andrew C. Hogg, Durum Wheat Breeding Program

Lustre is a low cadmium accumulating, full height durum wheat with good yield potential relative to commonly grown cultivars in Montana that possesses a gene for improved pasta firmness. Lustre was developed by the Montana Agriculture Experiment Station and will be released to certified seed growers in spring of 2022. Lustre is an offspring from crosses between the widely grown North Dakota State University durum varieties, Mountrail and Divide, and a selection from an EMS population that has a modified starch synthase gene and a gene for low cadmium accumulation. Lustre has improved yield potential under dryland conditions in the primary durum growing regions in Montana (Havre, Conrad, and Sidney) (Table 1). Lustre has white glumes and awns, is hollow stemmed and has a heading date one day later than Mountrail and Divide and five days later than Alzada (Table 2). Lustre’s plant height is comparable to other full height durum but is 7 inches taller than Alzada (Table 2). Lustre is moderately susceptible to stripe rust at the seedling stage but displays high-temperature adult plant resistance and is resistant to the most prevalent races of stem and leaf rust in Montana (Table 2). Lustre is susceptible to Fusarium head blight and moderately resistant to fungal leaf spot complex (Table 2). Luster has good end product quality with grain protein equal to Divide and Alzada, improved gluten strength compared to Mountrail, and semolina with a higher yellow color than both Divide and Mountrail but lower than Alzada (Table 3).

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Table 1. Lustre Grain Yield (bu/ac) Performance vs. a Set of Durum Varieties Across Montana (2017-2019)

Variety
Bozeman Dryland
Moccasin Dryland
Sidney Dryland
Havre Dryland
Huntley Dryland
Conrad Dryland
Sidney Irrigated
Bozeman Irrigated
All Locations
Location years 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 23
Lustre
 95.2 44.4 65.6 39.6 67.3 55.8 103.9 124.5 74.8
Mountrail
 95.2 40.7 63.4 37.2 71.4 51.4 103.7 122.7 73.3
Divide
 92.7 41.8 61.5 37.7 72.5 46.4 103.9 125.3 72.7
Tioga
 92.4 38.3 63.6 39.5 67.0 47.3 102.4 124.8 72.1
Joppa
 92.7 40.0 58.7 37.4 70.9 49.0 97.8 122.8 71.2
Alzada
 78.4 41.1 57.5 37.2 69.1 52.5 84.9 108.4 66.0
Meana 92.6 40.6 62.6 39.2 70.1 50.5 102.2 124.1 72.8
LSDa (0.05) 5.6 ns ns ns ns ns ns 8.9 2.66
  • ns = non-significant
  • a - 22 entries were used for statistical analysis. A Fisher's Protected LDS is given at the 0.05 probability level

 

Table 2. Lustre Agronomic Characteristics vs. a Set of Durum Varieties (2017-2019; dryland conditions)

Cultivar
Proteina (%)
Test Weight (lb/bu)
Plant Height (in)
Heading Date
Stripe Rustb
Leaf Rust
Stem Rust
Leaf Spotc
FHBd
Julian
Calendar
Location years 17 17 17 17 17 2 1 1 1 2
Lustre
 14.6 59.8 35.2 178.9 28-Jun S R R MR S
Mountrail
 14.5 60.2 34.0 178.0 27-Jun S R R MR S
Divide
 14.6 60.5 35.4 178.3 27-Jun S R R MR S
Tioga
 15.0 60.3 36.5 178.2 27-Jun S S R MR S
Joppa
 14.4 60.7 35.3 177.0 26-Jun S R R MR S
Alzada
 14.6 60.4 28.4 174.2 23-Jun S S R S S
Meane 14.7 60.2 34.4 178.1 27-Jun - - - - -
LSDe (0.05) 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.6 - - - - - -
  • a - measured by NIR, reported on a 12% moisture basis
  • b - lines likely have high-temperature adult plant resistance (HTAP)
  • c - leaf spot represents natural infection by fungal pathogens cuasing tan spot and Septoria leaf spot in Bozeman, MT
  • d - FHB = fusarium head blight, evaluations were carried out in Sidney, MT
  • e - 22 entries were used for statistical analysis. A Fisher's Protected LSD is given at the 0.05 probability level

 

Table 3. Lustre End-Product Quality Traits vs. a Set of Durum Varieties (2017-2019)

Cultivar
Semolina Yield (%)
Semolina proteina (%)
Semolina Asha (%)
b*b
Mixograph Pattern
Gluten Index
Location years 23 23 23 23 23 2
Lustre
 61.7 13.5 0.06 28.6 5.0 57.0
Mountrail
 62.2 13.5 0.64 25.7 3.1 31.5
Divide
 62.2 13.2 0.60 27.3 5.1 73.5
Tioga
 62.2 13.8 0.62 29.3 6.0 80.5
Joppa
 61.8 13.2 0.61 29.4 6.0 87.0
Alzada
 62.1 13.3 0.67 30.8 6.8 94.5
Mean 61.2 13.5 0.62 28.3 5.2 76/7
LSDc (0.05) 0.5 3.0 0.02 0.4 0.4 10.4
  • a - reported on a 14% moisture basis
  • b - CIELAB yellow color value
  • c - 22 entries were used for statistical analysis. A Fisher's Protected LSD is given at the 0.05 probability level